VOLUME 12: NEW YORK
THE BASQUES OF NEW YORK: A COSMOPOLITAN EXPERIENCE

Gloria Totoricagüena

With the collaboration of Emilia Sarriugarte Doyaga and Anna M. Renteria Aguirre

Index

Aurkezpena / Presentation

Hitzaurrea / Preface

Acknowledgements

Introduction
Kaletarrak ala baserritarrak: Those from the streets and those from the farms
Bakes sales versus bond sales
“A challenge and a dream”

Homeland History and Factors of Basque Emigration
Basque Ethnicity
Homeland History
Departing Euskal Herria
Arrival to New York
“Modern” Day Euskal Herria of the Twentieth Century
Conclusion

Adaptation to Life in the New World
Basque Pioneers of New World
Valentín and Benita Orbe Aguirre
A selection of Basque boardinghouses
Everyday life in the neighborhood
Living and Dying in New York
White Plains and Platterkill
Entertainment

Centro Vasco-Americano Sociedad de Beneficiencia y Recreo
Establishing a Basque mutual aid society
The Basque Charter and By-Laws
Administration of the club
Constructing a Building and an Identity
Benefits for members of the Centro Vasco-Americano
The 1940s
The Centro Vasco-Americano’s own migration
The first and second “generation” gap
Locating and re-locating

Earning a Living in New York: Employment, Businesses and Professions of Immigrant Basques
Seamanship
Small business entrepreneurs
“So many choices for work!”
Grocers and food distributors
Basque cuisine and restaurants
Professionals and Public Service
Manufacturing and Craftmanship

Musicians, Dancers, Artists and Athletes
Symbolic and substantial importance of dance in ethnic identity maintenance
Jon Oñatibia and the “Euzkadi” tour
The second half of a century of Basque dancing
Musicians
Classical Musicians
Abeslariak: Singers
Artists
Athletes
Boxing
Other sporting interests

Political interest and activism of New York Basques
Dabbling in Politics
Political activities of early New York Basques
Diaspora understanding of the Spanish Civil War
The Basque Delegation in New York
Professor José Antonio de Aguirre
Jesús de Galíndez and the United Nations
Individualized political interest and expression
Contemporary political views

Euzko-Etxea of New York: Basque-American Cultural & Benevolent Society, Inc.
Aberri Eguna: Day of the Homeland
Andrak: Women
Expanding the activities
Accepting or rejecting change and progress
Relations with the Basque Government and homeland institution
Benefits to Basque Organizations
Grants
Conclusion

The Society of Basque Studies in America: Educating Our Future
The Society’s Leadership
Projects of the Society
Ameriketatik Trainera: the fishing boat from America
The Society of Basque Studies in America Basque Hall of Fame

Conclusion: Basques living at the intersection of tradition and modernity
Euskeraz Mesedez: In Basque Please
Conclusion on today’s Basque identity in New York

Bibliography of Sources